Average score
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.7
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.1
Accessories and Tools
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.3
Included extras vary by bundle: some come with multiple brush rolls, a tray, tools, and solution, while at least one newer purchase lacked an extra roller or cleaning brush. Check the kit contents before buying.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.0
Most reviews mention included hose/tools for stairs and upholstery and generally like having them, but some testing-focused takes say attachments don’t dramatically reduce effort versus a standard hand tool and scrubbing. Tool packages can vary by retailer/version.
Airflow blowback
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
2.8
A newer-model owner notes some water can kick backward during the self-clean routine, indicating occasional splash/back-spray is possible in certain situations.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.4
Airflow/exhaust is repeatedly framed as part of the drying story, with some reviewers noting heated airflow that helps speed dry times. A comparative test ranked airflow/blow speed near the top for the PowerScrub among peers.
Area Rug Handling
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.8
Performance on area rugs is mixed: some owners are impressed on small rugs, while other testers recommend vacuuming first and caution that it’s not ideal for deeper carpet/rug cleaning.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.5
Several reviews highlight the SpinScrub approach working well on thicker or higher-pile rugs/carpets without quickly tangling, positioning it as a practical choice for area rugs and longer pile surfaces.
Assembly and Setup
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.7
Setup is repeatedly described as quick and beginner-friendly, typically involving snapping the handle in place and filling the clean-water/solution tank.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.6
Assembly is repeatedly described as simple and quick, often limited to attaching the handle with screws and seating the tanks properly. Multiple reviewers say it is close to ready-to-use out of the box.
Battery and Charging
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.7
Cordless models rely on a charging base that may also support the self-clean routine. Convenience is tempered by shorter run time and the need to dock between cleans.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetBuild quality and durability
P1Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.3
Build impressions are mostly neutral-to-positive in typical use, but one review expresses concern about plastic construction and long-term longevity before extended use. No consistent pattern of breakage is established in these transcripts alone.
Clogging and debris prevention
P1Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.0
At least one household review calls out a filter that helps keep larger debris like hair and fur from clogging the machine, while still recommending thorough vacuuming before shampooing to reduce the load on the system.
Comparative performance
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.3
Compared with rivals, CrossWave is often described as very effective on hard floors, with corded versions winning on raw power but losing on noise and automation. Some roundups rate certain CrossWave variants as lagging behind newer wet/dry competitors.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.9
Comparative takes are mixed depending on the scoring method: some tests rank it among the best all-around midrange choices at its price, while at least one multi-model comparison penalizes it for low brush/roller speed efficiency despite strong suction and airflow.
Controls and UI
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.0
Controls are generally described as simple (hard floor/rug or low/high water modes). Corded models often use an on-demand trigger for solution, while some cordless versions dispense automatically; preferences split between manual control and hands-off operation.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.3
Controls are usually framed as straightforward, including mode knobs/switches (deep clean/quick clean) and wash vs rinse/water-only selection. Some reviewers stress following the instructions to avoid over-wetting and to maximize extraction.
Cord length
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
Corded reviews repeatedly cite a 25‑ft cord as a practical reach for room-to-room cleaning without constant replugging.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.9
Cord length is described as sufficient by several users, with one comparison-style source citing about a 20-foot cord for certain variants and noting that retailer/version specs can vary. Overall, it’s usually described as workable for a room without constant re-plugging.
Cordless convenience
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
Cordless variants are repeatedly praised for grab-and-go mobility and less hassle around furniture, while corded versions trade freedom for consistent power and longer sessions.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetCord management
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
2.5
One comparison complains the cord exits low and can be annoying during use, suggesting cord routing/management isn’t a standout feature.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetDirty water sensor
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.2
Cordless reviews often mention a full-tank alert/sensor that can shut the unit down. A recurring gripe is that bubbles or float behavior may trigger the warning early, forcing an emptying even when the tank isn’t truly full.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetDried-On Stain Removal
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.6
Sticky and dried-on spills often come up with extra passes, but grout restoration is explicitly called out as a limitation on standard models. HydroSteam-style units are reported to do better on dried-on messes thanks to heat/steam.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.9
Stain removal is commonly described as solid midrange: many stains improve quickly, some heavier/dried stains can take more passes, and a few test-driven sources call the overall speed average. One recurring positive is that the SpinScrub-style brushes tend to spread stains less than long brushroll designs.
Ease of use
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.2
Many reviewers describe straightforward day-to-day operation and easy steering, but ease drops when dealing with frequent maintenance, sensor quirks, or using it on carpet.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.4
Ease of use is widely praised: clear wash-then-dry technique, intuitive trigger control, and simple tank removal/refill routines. First-time users often report a fast learning curve once they follow the trigger/forward-backward method.
Edge and Baseboard Cleaning (Hard Floors)
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.0
Edge results are mixed: some testing shows corners and tight edges can be missed, while others report the head running right up to the edge on flat flooring. Expect occasional touch-ups along walls or in corners.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetEnergy efficiency (kWh)
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
2.5
One head-to-head comparison notes the CrossWave drawing substantially more power than a competitor while delivering higher suction, implying a power-versus-efficiency tradeoff.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetFiltration / Dust Containment
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.6
Reviews mention a washable filter that can help with dust/allergens, but it needs regular rinsing and thorough drying to avoid buildup and odors.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetFloor Drying Time
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.3
Drying is generally fast, especially when doing backward ‘dry’ passes or using low water mode; several reviewers mention no puddles and floors feeling dry quickly.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.3
Dry times are often reported as relatively fast for a home unit when users do extra dry passes and use heated airflow; some accounts describe carpet nearing dry-to-the-touch in a couple of hours. A separate comparison-style review found drying to be good but not always the very best depending on the competing model and test method.
Floorhead design
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.4
Soft rollers and multi-surface brush designs perform well on hard floors, but design differences (open vs closed fronts, short gates, multi-piece covers) influence big-chunk pickup and how messy the head gets.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetFloorhead Seal on Hard Floors
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.5
Soft rollers are credited with maintaining close contact on hard floors, helping with both fine dust and scattered debris without obvious loss of seal.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetFresh Liquid Pickup Speed
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
Wet pickup is a highlight: multiple demos show it swallowing milk/cereal-type spills effectively when you move slowly enough for the roller and suction to recover liquid.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.6
Wet-stain pickup is repeatedly described as a strong point, including reports of removing wet grape juice and quickly extracting liquid-type stains with only a couple of back-and-forth passes in testing.
Hair Pickup — Carpets
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.7
Some owners use it on carpet for hair in a pinch and see pickup, but reviews repeatedly note it’s not designed as a primary carpet vacuum and can be harder to push on carpet.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetHair Pickup — Hard Floors
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.6
Pet owners and demos show strong hair pickup on hard floors, including dog hair, though brush rolls still benefit from routine clearing to prevent buildup.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetHair‑Wrap / Tangle Resistance
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.2
Hair wrap is described as manageable, and some variants are positioned as tangle-free/pet-focused. Even so, reviewers still plan on periodic brush-roll cleaning.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetHard Floor — Fine Dust Pickup
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
Soft rollers are repeatedly praised for sweeping up fine debris (like sugar/dust) on hard floors, contributing to the ‘vacuum while you wash’ feel that reviewers like on sealed surfaces.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetHard Floor — Large Debris Intake
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
Hard-floor debris pickup is frequently praised (e.g., cereal and larger crumbs). A few reviews note occasional pieces getting pushed ahead or some larger chunks left behind depending on roller design and speed.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetHeadlight and LED lights
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.3
Some CrossWave variants include LEDs that help spot debris, but lighting availability and placement vary, and at least one comparison prefers a competitor’s lights.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetHeating element
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.6
Standard CrossWave models are explicitly described as lacking a heating element, while HydroSteam variants add heat to generate steam and boost dried-on performance.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.3
Heated airflow/HeatForce is repeatedly mentioned as a contributor to faster drying and a key advantage versus units without heat-assisted drying. Users describe the output as noticeably warm rather than dangerously hot.
Hose length
P1Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.3
Where specified, an approximately 8-foot hose is described and is considered workable for stairs/upholstery. Despite decent reach, performance at the hose is often described as weaker than upright/nozzle extraction.
Maintenance requirements
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.2
Upkeep is consistently emphasized: empty/rinse the dirty tank after use, clean the filter and brush roll, and occasionally disassemble parts. The self-clean function helps flush the system but doesn’t eliminate hands-on cleaning.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.0
Post-use maintenance is described as necessary but generally manageable: nozzle/brush assemblies are often said to be easy to remove and rinse, while the dirty tank can be more tedious due to nooks, floats, or shrouds that need rinsing. Some comparisons rate the brush-area access less convenient than competitors that expose rollers more easily.
Maneuverability and Handling
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.4
Swivel steering helps around obstacles and is often described as a plus, yet some reviewers find swivel range limited or the unit harder to push on carpet. Lighter cordless models tend to feel easiest to guide.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.4
Many reviewers like that it moves more like a vacuum than some bulky carpet cleaners, calling it smooth to push/pull and generally easy to maneuver during upright cleaning. Carrying it on stairs is more mixed, with some calling it heavy but manageable.
Mopping performance
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
There’s broad agreement it cleans sealed hard floors well while vacuuming at the same time. Rug cleaning can work on small area rugs, but results are less consistent than on hard floors.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetNoise level
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
2.6
Noise is a recurring complaint: several reviewers call it louder than expected, and one roundup cites very loud operation for the HydroSteam class. If quiet cleaning matters, this is a downside.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.5
Noise is not deeply measured in most transcripts; one unboxing-style review implies it sounds like a typical vacuum motor when running. Overall, noise feedback is limited and not a major theme in the supplied reviews.
Odor control
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.9
Users like the smell of branded cleaning solutions, but they also warn that you still need to wash tanks/rollers after smelly spills to prevent lingering odors.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.1
Several reviews mention deodorizing/odor reduction as part of the post-clean result, with some describing only a light remaining scent after cleaning, especially when using rinse/water-only passes.
Ongoing ownership costs (bags, filters, batteries)
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.1
Several reviews mention going through solution quickly and needing periodic filter/brush replacements; one estimate puts ongoing costs around $40/year depending on use and parts replaced.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetOverall opinion
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.7
Across sources, the CrossWave concept is widely appreciated for routine wet/dry floor care, though a minority of reviewers are unimpressed with specific cordless/Edge models and recommend alternatives at similar prices.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.4
Overall sentiment is strongly positive in most household and lab-style reviews, with repeated recommendations as a strong midrange value pick. A minority comparison-style take ranks it lower on certain efficiency/brush-speed metrics, but even that content treats it as competitively priced relative to performance.
Packaging quality
P1Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
2.8
One unboxing review flags shipping/packaging concerns, noting the retail box was shipped with a label and without an outer box, which can increase the risk of cosmetic or transit issues.
Pet-Ready Features
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
Multiple reviews highlight strong pickup of pet hair and the usefulness of pet-focused brush rolls/formulas on some variants, making the CrossWave line popular for pet households with hard floors.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.1
Pet-focused use cases show up frequently (urine accidents, muddy paws, fur), and most users report strong results for pet messes. One unboxing-style review raises concern about using certain included solutions around pets and prefers pet-safe alternatives.
Price and Value
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.7
Value perceptions depend heavily on model and sale price: the original/corded CrossWave is praised as a budget standout, while some cordless/Edge-style entries are criticized as overpriced or outperformed by newer competitors.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.5
Value is a recurring highlight: multiple reviewers compare ownership favorably against professional cleanings and describe the machine as an affordable way to keep carpets fresh. Some comparison content suggests it competes strongly in midrange value even if not best at every single metric.
Runtime
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.1
Cordless runtime is commonly reported around 25–30 minutes, which can be limiting for larger homes or multiple rooms in one session.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetSanitizing performance
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.3
Reviews associate increased sanitizing confidence with heated/steam variants. Non-heated models rely on solution, agitation, and recovery rather than true steam sanitizing.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetSelf-cleaning cycle
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.6
Most variants include a self-clean routine using a tray or charging base. It generally helps flush debris and dirty water, but some models require user involvement and most reports still recommend removing parts to fully dry the brush/avoid smells.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetSelf-propel feature
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.4
At least one cordless reviewer notes the powered roller provides forward pull, which can make it feel somewhat self-propelled once you match the right pace.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetSolution / Liquid system
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.5
Most versions use a two-tank clean/dirty setup. Corded units commonly let you dispense solution with a trigger, while some cordless models auto-dose; limited dwell time means stubborn spots may need repeat passes and more solution.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.4
Across reviews, the liquid system is viewed as user-friendly: a trigger-controlled dispense approach is common, and multiple reviewers highlight a rinse/water-only setting to reduce leftover solution. Some variants discussed also emphasize automatic detergent mixing/dispense as a convenience feature.
Stair Cleaning
P1Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.1
Stair cleaning is consistently presented as doable with the hose and stair tool, with straightforward setup and use. Expect average-to-good results, with hose suction being the limiting factor compared with upright cleaning.
Steam Cleaning
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.6
Steam is presented as a differentiator for HydroSteam variants, helping loosen dried-on messes. Non-steam CrossWave models don’t provide this benefit.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetStorage footprint and upright-stand stability
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.7
Several reviewers find the unit compact and easy to store, but at least one cordless owner notes it doesn’t stand on its own the way they’d like, increasing dependence on the dock/leaning storage.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.3
Storage needs are noted: it’s roughly upright-vac-sized and easier if you have a closet or dedicated storage space. Smaller homes may find the footprint harder to accommodate even if performance is worth it.
Streaking / Residue
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.6
Most reviews report minimal streaking when used properly, especially on wet messes. Very sticky liquids may still need extra passes to avoid residue.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.3
Rinse/water-only passes are repeatedly presented as the way to reduce leftover soap feel, residue, or stronger solution scent. One user specifically reports pulling up noticeable extra suds/soap during a rinse pass after a wash pass.
Suction and Airflow
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.0
Corded CrossWave comparisons describe noticeably stronger raw suction than some rivals, while a few cordless/Edge impressions feel less punchy or slower-acting. Overall, power is a strength for corded models and more mixed on battery-powered ones.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.3
Most test-style reviews describe strong extraction at the nozzle (often above average), while hose suction is frequently described as below average to average. Overall suction/extraction is a key strength for upright passes on carpet, with less standout power at the hose tools.
Suitability for heavy-duty use
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
2.8
A professional review frames it as excellent for maintenance cleaning but not a ‘silver bullet’ for heavily soiled grout or restoration-level jobs.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetSuitability for small spaces
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.5
Compact footprint and easy steering make it appealing for apartments, condos, and tight layouts; smaller cordless heads are singled out as especially nimble.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetSupport and Reliability
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.8
One review calls out a 2‑year warranty. Reliability discussion centers more on sensor behavior and self-clean consistency than long-term part failure.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.6
Reliability is generally positive in hands-on accounts, but multiple sources mention user-reported water tank leakage as a common complaint category for carpet cleaners. Proper tank seating and wiping drips after filling are repeatedly recommended precautions.
Under-Furniture Pickup
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
2.3
At least one comparison flags limited lay-flat/under-furniture reach on a CrossWave model, suggesting tight under-sofa cleaning may require a different tool.
P2Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
No score yetUpholstery / Above-Floor Pickup
P1Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.2
Upholstery/above-floor cleaning is generally rated as convenient and effective for refreshes and visible dinginess, though multiple sources still frame spot-tool performance as average due to comparatively lower hose suction.
Versatility
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
4.2
Reviewers value the CrossWave concept for combining vacuuming and mopping, especially on sealed hard floors and occasional small rugs. The same sources caution it’s not a one-tool solution for deep carpet work or grout restoration.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.4
No summary yet.
Water tank
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.5
The dual-tank setup (clean and dirty) is widely appreciated, but capacity varies by model: some corded units are called larger than competitors while HF3-style cordless tanks are described as small. Several reviewers also note the dirty/recovery tank can fill quickly.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
4.1
Tank capacity is generally described as a plus, with multiple test-style reviews citing above-average area coverage per fill/empty. A few users note you still may empty/refill during a single room depending on usage and how much water you dispense.
Weight
P1
Product 1: Bissell CrossWave Vacuum Cleaner
3.6
Weights around 11–12+ lb are noted for corded units, and cordless models can feel either light or battery-heavy depending on design. Most find it usable, but some call it heavy.
P2
Product 2: Hoover PowerScrub Carpet Cleaner Machine
3.9
Weight impressions vary by version and user: some call it somewhat heavy to lug upstairs, while others say it’s not super heavy and is manageable. In-use handling is usually described more positively than carrying.