Average score
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.6
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.3
Accessories and Tools
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
2.9
You get the essentials (remote and basic spare parts like filters/side brushes mentioned), but reviewers note the lack of boundary accessories (e.g., magnetic strips/virtual barriers), so physical barriers or pre-tidy are often required.
P2Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
No score yetAdaptive chassis lift
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The lift chassis is effective on thresholds and transitions, even if it is not flawless on every tall obstacle.
Aesthetic design and finish
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.5
The 11S Max is frequently described as small, slim, and attractive, with a low-profile look that blends into a room more easily than taller, sensor-tower robots.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The robot and dock are repeatedly described as sleek and premium-looking, even if the glossy finish shows fingerprints.
AI, Smart, App and Automation
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
1.2
Smart features are minimal: no Wi‑Fi/app, no smart mapping, and no virtual no‑go zones; automation is limited to basic schedules and modes set from the remote.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Smart features are extensive, with a polished app, automation options, and strong map-based controls.
Area Rug Handling
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.3
Transitioning between hard floors and rugs/low carpet is generally smooth, and multiple reviewers note it moves across mixed surfaces without much trouble.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Area-rug handling is good, particularly because the robot avoids wetting rugs it should not mop.
Assembly and Setup
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.7
Setup is consistently described as quick and simple—plug in the dock, attach side brushes, insert remote batteries, and start—especially since there’s no app pairing process.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Setup is consistently praised as quick and straightforward, with minimal assembly or learning curve.
Bag-full indicator
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
1.0
Several reviews point out there’s no bin-full alert/indicator, so you’ll need to check and empty the bin on your own schedule.
P2Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
No score yetBattery and Charging
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.2
Battery life is usually reported around 90–120 minutes (sometimes near 2 hours), while charging can take roughly 4+ hours; returns to dock when low is common but not guaranteed in every layout.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Charging performance is fast for the category, with quick top-ups and convenient dock behavior.
Bin and Bag
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.8
The 0.6 L dustbin is repeatedly described as a good size for a budget robot, but it’s manual-empty only and can fill quickly in pet-hair-heavy homes.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
The self-empty system reduces bin hassle, but bag changes still come up every couple of months with regular use.
Build quality and durability
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
2.8
Build quality impressions are mixed: the vacuum itself holds up reasonably, but the charging dock is described as light/cheap by some, and heavy testing reports brush wear or deformation that may require replacement.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Build quality is described as solid and premium rather than flimsy.
Carpet — High-Pile Pickup
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.2
High-pile carpet performance is mixed: BoostIQ can increase suction, but deep-clean tests report limited extraction of embedded fine debris and slower progress.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
High-pile carpet pickup is strong overall, though at least one setting hurt results badly until disabled.
Carpet — Low-Pile Pickup
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.0
On low-pile carpet and rugs, it performs well for maintenance cleaning, with BoostIQ/Max helping on carpets—though coverage can still be less methodical than mapping models.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
3.0
Low-pile carpet results are only moderate, with visible residue left in at least one flour test.
Carpet — Medium-Pile Pickup
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.8
On medium-pile carpet, reviewers generally find it competent for surface debris and pet hair, but randomized coverage can leave occasional missed patches without multiple runs.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Medium-pile carpet performance is better than average in formal testing.
Clogging and debris prevention
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Hair and debris handling are a strength, with the brush system reducing clogging and manual cleanouts.
Comparative performance
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.0
Comparatively, multiple sources rank it as one of the stronger budget cleaners for basic pickup, but it trails mapping competitors in thoroughness, speed, and autonomy.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
5.0
In comparison-focused reviews, the Saros 10R lands at or near the top of the flagship class.
Controls and UI
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.7
Control is primarily via an included remote with modes (auto/spot/edge/quick), suction adjustment, and daily scheduling; several reviewers flag the infrared/line-of-sight nature as a usability limitation.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The app and controls are described as intuitive and easy to use for mapping, zones, and routine cleaning.
Cord management
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
3.0
Dock cord management is called out as a weak spot rather than a polished detail.
Corner Cleaning (Robot)
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.7
Corner cleaning is the tradeoff of the round body: it can sweep along edges, but multiple reviews note 90° corners can retain debris because the side brushes don’t fully reach in.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
5.0
Corner cleaning is one of the strongest recurring positives, especially for both sweeping and mopping edges.
Crevice / Groove Pickup (Hard Floors)
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
2.0
Crevice and groove pickup is a weak spot; even at higher power, testing found it struggled to pull most embedded debris out of tight crevices.
P2Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
No score yetDebris illumination
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Built-in lighting adds some visibility help in darker rooms.
Dirty water sensor
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The dirty-water sensing and re-mop logic are described as smart, automatic, and useful on messier floors.
Docking and Auto-Empty Reliability (Robot)
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.0
There’s no auto-emptying dock, and docking reliability varies: some users report it returns to charge fine, while others describe it wandering or failing to dock in larger, cluttered spaces; the dock itself is very light and may need bracing.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Docking and return-to-base performance are generally reliable, though not completely flawless over long-term use.
Dock noise
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
5.0
Dock noise is a standout positive, especially during auto-emptying and mop maintenance.
Dried-On Stain Removal
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Dried-on stain removal is good but not class-leading in comparison testing.
Ease of use
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.0
Day-to-day usability is generally rated as easy thanks to simple controls and minimal setup, but the lack of mapping means more pre-tidying and occasional manual intervention are part of the experience.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Day-to-day use is approachable, with little friction once mapped and configured.
Edge and Baseboard Cleaning (Hard Floors)
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.2
Edge and baseboard performance is often praised, with several reviewers noting strong perimeter attention and effective side-brush work along walls and cabinets.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Edge and baseboard cleaning are a standout, especially around walls and chair legs.
Edge‑Following Accuracy (Robot)
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.6
Edge-following accuracy is generally strong—tests describe the robot hugging walls closely and using repeated back-and-forth edge motions that improve perimeter pickup.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Edge-following and close-quarters tracking are precise, including careful movement around legs and clutter.
Emptying and Mess Control
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Auto-empty behavior keeps cleanup tidy and helps reduce secondary mess when emptying debris.
Filtration / Dust Containment
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Disposable bag containment keeps dust handling cleaner and more contained than basic bin-emptying setups.
Floor Drying Time
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Floors dry relatively quickly after mopping in real-world use.
Floorhead design
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The brush and mop hardware design is repeatedly highlighted as purposeful and effective.
Hair-removal channel issues
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
3.5
The hair channel is mostly successful, though at least one reviewer still found a removable clump between the brush sections.
Hair Pickup — Carpets
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.7
On carpets, it can lift substantial pet hair, but long hair may end up tangled on the brushroll/side brushes rather than fully deposited in the dustbin.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
5.0
Carpet hair pickup is excellent in formal testing, especially versus category averages.
Hair Pickup — Hard Floors
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.9
Hard-floor hair pickup is strong for typical pet hair and dust bunnies, but longer strands can wrap around brushes rather than fully collecting into the bin.
P2Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
No score yetHair‑Wrap / Tangle Resistance
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
2.8
Tangle resistance is inconsistent: some reviewers report long hair doesn’t snarl the brush, while others report severe wrapping (including tests where most long hair ended up on the brushes instead of in the bin).
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
5.0
Anti-tangle performance is a major strength, with multiple reviewers finding little to no wrapped hair.
Hard Floor — Fine Dust Pickup
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.4
Hard-floor fine debris pickup is a standout strength, with test results and anecdotes praising strong sand/dust pickup and generally clean-looking floors after runs.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
5.0
Hard-floor fine-dust pickup is excellent in testing, with near-complete pickup results in one comparison.
Hard Floor — Large Debris Intake
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.4
Large debris (crumbs, cereal-like pieces, pet kibble/kitty-litter-sized debris) is generally handled well, though some tests note it may require repeated passes rather than a single sweep.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Hard-floor large-debris pickup is strong, including intact snack pieces and other bigger everyday messes.
Headlight and LED lights
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Front lighting is present and useful in darker spaces.
Heating element
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The dock’s hot-water washing and heated drying are recurring strengths in the reviews.
Innovation compared to competitors
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Reviewers frame the 10R as a meaningful step forward, especially in navigation, low-profile design, and flagship feature integration.
Kid-friendliness
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.2
At least one reviewer notes the low, non-intimidating design is less likely to scare young kids, but kid-specific safety features are otherwise limited (it still bumps into objects and can push small items).
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
It handles kid-related clutter reasonably well, including toys and craft-project obstacles.
Large debris handling
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Large debris pickup is good on hard floors, including bigger crumbs and intact snack pieces.
Low-profile design
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.7
The low-profile chassis (about 2.8–2.9 inches) is consistently highlighted as a key design win, enabling access under furniture and reducing visual bulk.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.8
The slim low-profile design is a major differentiator and repeatedly praised.
Maintenance requirements
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.1
Expect hands-on upkeep: frequent bin emptying, regular filter care, and brush/roller cleaning—especially if you have long hair or lots of pet fur.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
3.5
Maintenance is reduced versus simpler robots, but periodic dock and tank upkeep still remains.
Maneuverability and Handling
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Handling is agile, with good threshold approaches and careful movement around clutter and obstacles.
Map and Path Efficiency (Robot Vacuums)
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
2.3
Navigation is the primary compromise: bounce/random pathing can be slow and inefficient, may miss spots, and is less dependable in larger multi-room homes compared with mapping robots.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.7
Mapping and route execution are consistently strong, with accurate navigation and few wasted passes.
Mop lifting system
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Mop lifting and pad removal add real flexibility on mixed flooring and carpeted zones.
Mopping performance
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
1.0
This model is not mopping-capable, so buyers wanting wet cleaning will need a different robot or a separate floor tool.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.3
Mopping performance is broadly strong, especially on daily messes and edge work, though not every comparison puts it first.
Noise level
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.4
Multiple reviewers call it notably quiet, with measurements ranging from low‑50s dB to the mid‑60s dB depending on surface and power; warning beeps when stuck can be more noticeable than the motor noise.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.3
General operating noise is rated favorably, though one test measured about 67 dB on Max+ rather than whisper-quiet performance.
Obstacle Avoidance (Robot)
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
2.7
Obstacle avoidance is basic (bumper + IR/drop sensors): it can avoid stairs, but cords, small items, and clutter can still stop it, and at least one test reports it running over simulated pet mess.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.3
Obstacle avoidance is excellent overall, though not perfect with every cable or difficult object.
Odor control
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Heated mop drying helps with freshness and reduces the risk of lingering damp odors or mildew.
Ongoing ownership costs (bags, filters, batteries)
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
3.5
Ownership costs are moderate for a flagship: replacement bags and optional solution are extra recurring purchases.
Overall cleaning convenience
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.8
Cleaning convenience is a major selling point, with reviewers emphasizing time savings and minimal babysitting.
Overall durability/longevity
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Longer-use reviews suggest stable performance over months rather than quick early drop-off.
Overall opinion
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.7
Overall sentiment is strongly positive, with multiple reviewers ranking it at or near the top of the category.
Packaging quality
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Unboxing and packaging impressions are positive, with setup materials described as minimal and tidy.
Pet-Ready Features
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
3.7
Pet hair pickup is a common strength for routine maintenance, but basic obstacle detection means you still need to pre-tidy and be cautious in homes where pet accidents could be on the floor.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Pet-oriented features are a plus, with pet identification and camera-based pet check-ins called out as useful.
Price and Value
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.3
Value is a major theme: many see it as a high-performing budget option (especially on sale), while noting that spending a bit more can buy mapping and more autonomous navigation.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Reviews agree the price is high, but several say the feature set and cleaning performance largely justify it.
Privacy controls
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.7
Because it doesn’t use Wi‑Fi/app connectivity, reviewers highlight a no-accounts/no-network feel that can be reassuring for privacy‑minded buyers.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Privacy protections are better than basic robot cams, with physical confirmation needed for remote viewing, though cloud dependence remains.
Runtime
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Runtime and coverage are both above average, with strong square-footage-per-charge impressions. Battery efficiency is above average in formal testing, not just raw runtime length.
Sanitizing performance
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Hot-water mop washing and bacteria-reduction claims give it a meaningful sanitizing edge over simpler docks.
Self-cleaning cycle
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The dock’s self-cleaning behavior reduces manual mop maintenance and supports more hands-off use.
Software-update support / feature longevity
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Feature longevity looks decent from the review evidence, with good support reputation and update mentions.
Solution / Liquid system
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The liquid system is well-equipped, including automatic detergent dispensing and managed mop-water handling.
Storage footprint and upright-stand stability
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
The dock is described as relatively compact for the class, though it still takes dedicated floor space.
Streaking / Residue
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
3.3
Residue control is mixed: some reviews report clean finishes, while others note wetter trails or minor stickiness.
Stuck resistance
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
2.8
Stuck risk is highly environment-dependent: it can get caught on cords, shoelaces, chair bases, or low-clearance objects, but tends to behave better in uncluttered rooms with some pre-pickup.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
3.0
Stuck resistance is only average: several reviewers still mention occasional hang-ups or rescues.
Suction and Airflow
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.2
Reviews describe suction as strong for the price (including tests citing ~17 CFM and ~1.36 kPa, plus manufacturer claims up to 2000 Pa), delivering good everyday pickup—though deep-cleaning embedded fine debris can still lag behind expectations.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Reviews describe suction as strong and effective, with enough power to leave noticeably less debris behind.
Suitability for heavy-duty use
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The robot looks well-suited to busy homes with frequent cleaning needs rather than occasional light use.
Suitability for small spaces
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.2
Most reviewers position it as best for apartments, smaller homes, or single rooms where random navigation can still cover the space; larger multi-room or cluttered layouts can lead to longer runtimes and more rescues.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Its compact dock and slim robot help it fit better than many rivals in tighter homes or rooms.
Support and Reliability
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.0
Reliability feedback is generally positive for day-to-day maintenance cleaning, and parts/consumables are described as available; the main reliability complaints center on occasional rescues and inconsistent docking in complex layouts.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
Reliability impressions are positive overall, with reviewers calling it reliable and easy to trust for routine cleaning.
Under-Furniture Pickup
P1
Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
4.7
Under-furniture cleaning is a major advantage: at roughly 2.8–2.9 inches tall, it fits under low couches, cabinets, and tables that taller robots can’t reach.
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
5.0
Under-furniture cleaning is one of the clearest advantages thanks to the unusually low body height.
Value-for-money
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
Despite the premium price, several reviews say the overall package still earns its keep.
Versatility
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.5
The product is genuinely versatile, supporting vacuum-only, mop-only, and simultaneous vacuum-and-mop use.
Water tank
P1Product 1: eufy 11S Max Robot Vacuum
No score yet
P2
Product 2: Roborock Saros 10R Robot Vacuum...
4.0
The dock’s clean and dirty water tanks are easy to access, though they still need regular attention.